华中科大游龙教授团队:低功耗高安全性加密原型器件及系统
作者:Huiming Chen, Min Song, Zhe Guo, Ruofan Li, Qiming Zou, Shijiang Luo, Shuai Zhang, Qiang Luo, Jeongmin Hong, and Long You
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2018-11-08 00:20:29
该论文研究了磁性材料中常用的Ta/CoFeB/MgO垂直异质结薄膜的磁各向异性与MgO厚度的关系,发现MgO厚度亚纳米级别的厚度变化就会引起该异质结磁性能的巨大变化。利用氩离子刻蚀自身存在的不均匀性,上述异质结薄膜在同时刻蚀时各处的MgO厚度会发生随机变化。这种随机变化人为无法控制也无法复制,因此相当于成为该器件的磁性“指纹”。通过反常霍尔效应可以精确地探测这种随机变化,从利用该随机变化制备的物理不可克隆函数(PUF)器件阵列提取出的随机密钥具有高安全性和稳定性,在信息加密领域具有重要应用。该研究的创新之处在于解决了传统硅基PUF容易被破解的问题。先前人们提出的基于传统磁性随机存储器的PUF器件则通常需要加大电流或者外加磁场才能捕获器件的随机性。游龙团队提出的方案则无需大电流或外磁场写入,大大降低了器件的集成复杂度和功耗。另一方面,该自旋PUF不同于以往常用的数字PUF,其提取的模拟磁电阻值通过比较算法可以产生比传统的二进制数字PUF大得多的密钥长度,大大地提高了系统安全性。
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Highly Secure Physically Unclonable Cryptographic Primitives Based on Interfacial Magnetic Anisotropy
作者:Huiming Chen, Min Song, Zhe Guo, Ruofan Li, Qiming Zou, Shijiang Luo, Shuai Zhang, Qiang Luo, Jeongmin Hong, and Long You
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2018-11-08 00:20:29
导语
Information security is of great importance for the approaching Internet of things (IoT) era. Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) have been intensively studied for information security. However, silicon PUFs are vulnerable to hazards such as modeling and side-channel attacks. Here we demonstrate a magnetic analogue PUF based on perpendicularly magnetized Ta/CoFeB/MgO heterostructures. The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy originates from the CoFeB/MgO interface, which is sensitive to the subnanometer variation of MgO thickness within a certain range (0.6–1.3 nm). When the MgO layer is thinned, a thickness variation resulting from ion milling nonuniformity induces unclonable random distributions of easy-axis magnetization orientations in heterostructures. The analogue PUF can provide a much larger key size than a conventional binary-bit counterpart. Moreover, after the thinning process, the unique easy-axis magnetization orientation in each single device was formed, which can avoid setting random states to realize low power consumption and high-density integration. This magnetic PUF is a promising innovative primitive for secret key generation and storage with high security in the IoT era.
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